All About Zellige! Let's talk about this timeless Moroccan tile

Designers and homeowners alike are in love with Zellige tile and its timeless beauty.  Whether you're considering using Zellige tile in your home or are just curious about this stunning material, we’re here to share its fascinating origins and answer your most common questions.

What is Zellige tile?

Zellige tile is a handcrafted Moroccan tile made from natural clay. The clay is sourced from the Fez region, and still crafted using traditional methods . Each tile is made by hand and dipped into a shimmering glaze. The result in an extraordinary piece of functional art that comes from a centuries-old history. Each tile is unique, with slight imperfections that add to its charm.  Read on to learn more about the history and the process.

The Art of Zellige: A Brief History

Zellige tile has been a staple in Moroccan architecture for over a thousand years. Originating from Fez, Morocco, these tiles are made from natural clay, hand-shaped, and kiln-fired before being coated with a translucent glaze. The result? A surface that shimmers with light, rich colors, and texture like no other.

For the not-so-brief history, you may enjoy our post The History of Zellige.

 

The Origins of Zellige Tile

The origins of zellige tile can be traced back to the 10th century when Moroccan artisans developed their intricate craft, influenced by Islamic art and architecture. The art of Zellige took its cues from the principles of Islamic design, which favored geometric patterns over figurative representations. Over time, this tilework became a signature feature of Moroccan design. It adorned palaces, mosques, fountains, and public courtyards with intricate patterns and vibrant colors.

 

The Craftsmanship Behind Zellige

Zellige (the name is derived from zellij or "to slide" in Arabic) evolved as an expression of Moroccan craftsmanship. Artisans using natural clay sourced from the Fez region. This clay, known for its exceptional quality, is kneaded by hand and then shaped into tiles.

Unlike mechanically made tiles, each Zellige tile bears the mark of the craftsman who made it, adding an unmatched level of individuality to any space. The method of making Zellige remains largely unchanged over centuries, ensuring that the artistry and heritage of these tiles are preserved.

Master artisans, known as maâlems, continue to use the same age-old techniques passed down through generations. After each individual tile is shaped by hand, they are left to dry under the sun before being fired in traditional wood-burning kilns. They are specially arranged in stacks inside the kiln that will result in natural variations in color and tone. This variation is a defining feature of Zellige tile's unique character - no two tiles are identical.

Once the tiles are fired, they are coated with a translucent glaze that adds depth and glossy shine. Some tiles, such as Sahara Sand, remain unglazed, highlighting the natural, rustic beauty of the clay.

The Role of Zellige in Moroccan Architecture

Throughout history, Zellige tile has been featured in Moroccan architecture. From palace walls to peaceful inner gardens of riads, these tiles have been used to piece together mesmerizing mosaics that showcase Morocco's rich cultural heritage. The complex designs mirror an appreciation for mathematics and symmetry, which are major elements in Islamic art.

One of the most iconic examples of Zellige tilework can be seen in the Alhambra in Spain. Moorish architects skillfully used these tiles in intricate designs that appear to transform under different lighting conditions. The beauty of Moroccan Zellige extends well beyond North Africa, inspiring architects and designers around the world.

 

Preserving the Tradition of Zellige

Nowadays, most tiles are manufactured using modern equipement and technology. However, the traditional craft of Zellige remains largely unchanged. Thanks to the craftsmen who continue to pass their knowledge and skills to younger generations, this functional art continues to grow in popularity. Zellige remains a shining example of how traditional methods can elevate modern design.

 

Zellige Tile in Contemporary Design

While Zellige has a centuries-long history, it continues to be a sought-after finish in contemporary interior design. Its organic imperfections, such as chips, pits, and color changes, make it a favorite among designers looking to add warmth and texture to modern spaces. Whether used for kitchen backsplashes, bathroom walls, or accent features, Zellige tile brings unique artistry to any setting.

Unlike mass-produced tiles, Zellige ages gracefully, developing a patina that enhances its charm over time. It instantly adds a cozy, lived-in feel to the room, and compliments a wide range of styles, from rustic to minimalist.

 

Frequently asked questions:

 

Are zellige tiles worth it?

Definitely. This tile has stood the test of time - literally. The photo below was taken a few years ago in Morocco. As you can see, the glaze on the green and white checkerboard tile is slightly worn, but otherwise, still gorgeous and in great shape. This floor is 800 years old. 

 

Is Zellige hard to install?

Zellige should be installed by an professional tile installer, who is experienced in installing Zellige tiles, and in accordance with the most current guidance from the Tile Council of America.  Please refer to our Installation Tips for more information.

Is zellige tile hard to maintain? 

Not at all. Just regular cleaning with a mild cleaner, such as Simple Green, and a sponge or mop. Avoid any harsh chemicals or bleach when cleaning your tile. 

For more information, see our post: How to Clean Zellige Tile.

 

Can you use Zellige in the shower?

Yes! Please see our post Dreaming of a Zellige Tile Shower? Here's what to know for all of our tips.

 

How do you pronounce zellige?

Zellige is pronounced "Zeh-leej"

 

Are Zellige tiles slippery? 

Zellige are no more slippery on the floor than any other tile. The sizes we offer (4x4, 2x6, mosaics) will have a substantial amount of grout lines, which allow for increased traction and slip resistance. 

 

What kind of imperfections should I expect in my Zellige order? 

Zellige will have variations in color, size, thickness, uneven edges, chips, pits, crazing, small cracks, spots, and texture. All of these imperfections are due to the handmade nature of the tile and are what make this tile unique.